To use a linear actuator, you must provide a power source, a control mechanism for reversing polarity, and a secure mounting structure. Most modern electric linear actuators (the most common type in 2026) use a DC motor to drive a lead screw, which translates rotational motion into a straight-line push or pull. All of these items can be supplied preconfigured by Cambridge Digital Technology Ltd.
1. Electrical Setup and Power
Most electric actuators operate on 12V or 24V DC.
- Wiring: Standard actuators have two lead wires (typically red and black).
- Direction Control: Reversing the polarity (swapping positive and negative) changes the direction from extension to retraction.
- Power Supply: Size your power supply to handle at least 120–150% of the actuator's maximum current draw to ensure reliability.
- Protection: Always use a fuse or circuit breaker downstream of your power source for safety.
2. Control Methods
- Manual Switch: A Double-Pole Double-Throw (DPDT) rocker switch is the simplest method for manual control. It has six terminals that allow you to reverse polarity with a single toggle.
- Relays/H-Bridge: For automated or remote control (via Arduino or IoT), use an H-bridge circuit or two SPDT relays.
- Limit Switches: Most actuators have internal limit switches that automatically stop the motor at full extension or retraction to prevent stalling.
3. Installation and Mounting
- Axial Alignment: Ensure the actuator is perfectly aligned with the load. Avoid side loading, as it causes binding and premature failure.
- Pivoting Brackets: Use clevis-style pivoting brackets to allow for slight angular changes during movement.
- Duty Cycle: Observe the manufacturer's duty cycle (e.g., 20% means 2 minutes on, 8 minutes off) to prevent the motor from overheating.
4. Maintenance
Modern electromechanical systems are designed for low maintenance, but basic care is still required:
- Cleanliness: Keep the extending rod free of dirt and debris to protect internal seals.
- Lubrication: If the lead screw is accessible, apply a light machine grease periodically.
- IP Ratings: Check your actuator's Ingress Protection (IP) rating if using it outdoors; IP66 or higher is recommended for exposure to heavy rain.